Detection of the Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) and Its Receptor in Cancer Cell HT-1197 and HT-1376, and Effect of GnRH on Cancer Cell Cycle / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) is believed to be pivotal hormone in hypothalamo-pituitary gonadal axis and the hypothalamus is believed as the exclusive organ producing GnRH and pituitary is for GnRH re ceptor until recently. Some reported the exptra-hypothalamic GnRH or extra-pituitary GnRH receptors from decades ago. The aims of this study are to confirm the existence of the GnRH receptor in bladder epithelial cancer cell, HT-1197 and HT-1376, and evaluated the possible role of the GnRH on cell cycle. The GnRH and GnRH receptor were detected by immunohistochemical staining and the effect of GnRH on cell cycle change in both cell line were studied by fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS). The control cells were cultured at media supplemented with normal serum, and experimental group were cultured at media supplemented with charcoal stripped serum (CSS) which excluding peptide hormones except exogenous GnRH with different concentration. The GnRHs and GnRH receptors were detected at both cell lines and the cell cycle analysis showed that there were little difference in proportion of cell cycle among examined 10,000 cells in both cell lines, neither control nor experimental groups. This study shows that the GnRHs and GnRH receptors exist in bladder cancer cells and GnRH did not influence on the cell cycle progression. With this study, we suppose that the bladder cancer cells produce the GnRH and GnRH receptors and the role of the GnRF produced from the bladder cancer cells might be the autocrine rather than endo-or paracrine factor.

The Distribution and Concentration of Ofloxacin Contained in Sustained Releasing Microsphere after Intraprostatic Injection / 대한비뇨기과학회지

PURPOSE: Sporadic excellent treatment results of intra-prostatic antibiotic injections against resistant chronic prostatitis were reported without sufficient background. So, for the scientific base of this effective treatment modality, we studied the tissue distribution and concentration of the ofloxacin after intraprostatic injection of formula which is designed for sustained release ofloxacin at least for four weeks. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 28 male dogs aged over 2 and ofloxacin designed to release over four weeks were used. The ofloxacin 12mg and poly(D,L-lactic) acid 28mg were prepared for sustained releasing formula and resolved in 1ml of 1.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution. Dogs were grouped into two, 8 control and 16 experiments for open injection. For control, oral ofloxacin 100mg was given twice a day for two and four weeks and for experimental groups, the new formula were injected at right lobe of prostate directly. The ofloxacin concentration was measured by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). RESULTS: Oral ofloxacin 2,800(2 weeks) and 5,600(4 weeks) were given for control and tissue concentration of ofloxacin were relatively even at all partitions of the prostate, 7.4+/-1.4(2 weeks) and 9.2+/-1.3mg/ml(4 weeks) and the blood level were 3.6-5.1mg/ml. In experimental groups, the only 12mg of ofloxacin was given and tissue concentration were 10.5+/-3.0(1 weeks), 13.8+/-4.5(2 weeks), 7.1+/-0.9(3 weeks) and 7.7+/-3.0mg/ml(4 weeks) in rights and 8.0+/-1.1(1 weeks), 10.2+/-4.2(2 weeks), 5.1+/-1.4(3 weeks) and 7.6+/-0.8(4 weeks)mg/ml in left lobes suggesting communication of blood between two lobes, and blood concentration were 0.16-0.59mg/ml. In histologic examination, the formula were localized between stroma and their size were reduced with time. CONCLUSIONS: Authors conclude that there are free communication of blood between two lobes of prostate and one direct injection of this sustained releasing formula ofloxacin into prostate can be a substitute with local effects without disturbing prostatic tissue level which reducing number or medication in future.

Primary Amyloidosis of the Urinary Bladder: A Case Report / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Primary bladder amyloidosis is a rare disease causing hematuria which is difficult to be differenciated from bladder cancer at cystoscope. We report a case of primary bladder amyloidosis who was diagnosed at other procedure for distal ureteral stone failed in repeated ESWL disintegration. Transurethral resection of bladder mass and the pathologic results revealed amyloidosis. The systemic studies for the detection of the site of other amyloidosis were failed to get positive result. There were massive hematuria after a few hours later from the transurethral resection of the bladder mass and the bleeding was controlled with 1% alum bladder irrigation. The patient is followed regularly for recurrent amyloidosis.